Off the ice edge, surface sensible heat fluxes of 500 W m −2 and surface latent heat fluxes of 100 W m −2 were measured, with uncertainties of ☒0%. There was a dramatic deepening of the boundary layer with fetch, and also with time. Analysis of satellite imagery shows the cloud streets had a characteristic wavelength of 7–10 km, indicating a multiscale roll vortex regime. Unlike observations of roll vortices in other regions, a roll signature was absent from the temperature data. The aircraft-observed roll vortices had a characteristic wavelength of 4–5 km, particularly evident in the water vapor signal. The flights were part of the Labrador Sea Deep Convection Experiment, investigating deep oceanic convection, and were planned to overpass a research vessel in the area. The latter was achieved by a Lagrangian analysis of the flight-level data. The objectives were twofold: to map out the structure of the roll vortices that cause the ubiquitous cloud streets seen in satellite imagery, and to estimate the sensible and latent heat fluxes between the ocean and atmosphere during the event. Both high-level dropsonde and low-level flight-level data were collected. This is the first such aircraft-based investigation in this remote region. The flights were planned to investigate the air–sea interaction during an extreme cold-air outbreak, associated with the passage of a synoptic-scale low pressure system over the Labrador Sea during 8 February 1997. Observational data from two research aircraft flights are presented.
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